The German advance from May to November 1942.
Operation Edelweiss (German: Edelweiß), named after one of the best-known European mountain flowers, was a German plan to gain control over the Caucasus and capture the oil fields of Baku during the Soviet-German War. The operation was authorised by Hitler on July 23, 1942. The land forces, accompanied by 15,000 oil industry workers, included 167,000 troops, 4,540 guns and 1,130 tanks.
On August 21 a Nazi flag was installed on Mount Elbrus, the highest point of the Caucasus . The German offensive was stopped by the Red Army in September, partly due to severe drain of German personnel to support the ongoing Battle of Stalingrad.
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